UK
Education in UK is overseen by the United Kingdom's Department for
Education and Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. Local government
authorities are responsible for implementing policy for public education and
state-funded schools at a local level. The education system in the UK is divided
into four main parts, primary education, secondary education, further education
and higher education.
Compulsory Education
a. Elementary School
Elementary
education was starting when the children was at the age of 5-11 years. There is
no test except when they were at 7 years old, children (pupils) are required to
take the exam skills. The emphasis is on learning by discovery rather than
memorization.
b. High School
High school
was starting when the student were at the age of 11-16 years. Here began deepening
lessons. In the 4th year, students take General
Certificate of Secondary Education (GSCE)
exams. After the examination, students can work, attend training programs at
vocational or technical school, or continue another 2 years to prepare for
starting in the university, known as the A-Levels.
Education Options
a. A levels
A Level is a
continuation of high school if they want to get into university, which thought
for 2 years.
b. Degree
Degree is a
qualification from a university. (Other qualifications obtained after secondary
education are usually called ‘certificate’ or ‘diploma’).
c.
Bachelor’s
Degree
Bachelor’s
Degree is general name for a first degree, most commonly a BA (Bachelor of
Arts) or BSc (Bachelor of Science). Student studying for a first degree are called
undergraduates. When they have been awarded a degree, they are known as graduates.
d. Master’s Degree
Master’s Degree is the general name for a second
(postgraduate) degree, most commonly MA or MSc.
e.
Doctorate
Doctorate is the highest academic qualification. This
usually (but not everywhere) carries the title PhD (Doctor of Philosophy). The
time taken to complete a doctorate varies, but it is generally expected to
involve three years of more-or-less full-time study.
Basically, the schools in UK emphasized the responsibility to its
students self. Its gives the freedom to the students to organize themselves
collectively schools from elementary to high levels. With this method the
student is expected to become an independent person when they grow up.
Educational approach that applied is the discovery. The
implication of this approach is that students are educated to be able to do
research in order to develop the knowledge gained. By doing research, students
will discover new things that could enrich his knowledge.
The style of education system in the UK is deepening on particular
aspects or may be more concerned in specialized expertise and skills in various
fields of life according to their talents and abilities of students. With this
system the right way to deepen knowledge is through the discover study system.
Deepening the expertise and skill is usually done at the secondary level.
The development of practical technology at the secondary level and
academic technology at colleges and universities were begun to focus on the
primary and secondary school levels. That system will facilitate and help the
students to choose to get into the world of work or to go on to higher
education. It’s have the similarity with the development of the fields of
social sciences and humanities disciplines and the arts (arts and culture) or
language. Thus, the pattern of development of education in the education system
in UK that used is the press schematic
pattern.
Religious education is also applied in the UK. The religious education
there is a Christian education.
INDONESIA
Education in Indonesia is under the responsibility of the Ministry of
Education and Culture (Kementerian
Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan or Kemdikbud) and the Ministry of Religious
Affairs (Kementrian Agama or Kemenag).
In Indonesia, all citizens must undertake nine years of compulsory education
which consist of six years at elementary level and three in secondary level. The constitution also
notes that there are two types of education in Indonesia : formal and non-formal.
Formal education is further divided into three levels : primary, secondary and tertiary education. These schools are run
either by the government (negeri) or
private sectors (swasta).
Pre-school Education
Pre-school education which is known
also as kindergarten had a one or two year duration. While this level of education is not compulsory for
Indonesian citizens, it is aimed to prepare them for primary schooling.
Public Primary and Secondary
Education
Indonesians are required to attend twelve years of school. They must go
to school six (or five, depending on the institution) days a week from 7:00
a.m. until afternoon (usually 2 or 3 p.m.). Children aged 6-12 attend primary
school, called Sekolah Dasar (SD).
Students spend six years in primary school. After
that, they spend three years in junior secondary school (Sekolah Menengah Pertama, or SMP). After completion of them, they may be attend three years
of senior secondary school (Sekolah
Menengah Atas or SMA). Besides senior secondary school (Sekolah Menengah Atas or SMA), students
can choose among 47 programmes of vocational and pre-professional senior
secondary schools (Sekolah Menengah
Kejuruan or SMK), divided in the following fields: technology and
engineering, health, arts, craft and tourism, information and communication
technologies, agro-business and agro-technology, business management. Each
requires three years of study. Students with disabilities/special needs may
alternately opt to be enrolled in a separate school from the mainstream called Sekolah Luar Biasa (lit. Extraordinary
School).
The Higher Education
The higher education institution
is categorized into two types: public and private. Both are supervised by the
Ministry of National Education. There are four types of higher education
institution: universities, institutes, academies, and polytechnics.
The pattern of education system in
Indonesia is is
breadth schematic. Breadth
schematic pattern
seen from the large number of subjects that was available. Average the subjects
that must to be mastered by the students in one year is about 14-16 subjects,
with a lot of material, abstract and less functional.
CONCLUSION
THE DIFFERENCE
EDUCATION SYSTEM BETWEEN UK &
INDONESIA
|
UK
|
INDONESIA
|
|
Learning period :
Start from September until July
|
Start from July until June
|
|
Learning time :
Monday –
Friday
Approximately
4,5 hours per day
|
Monday –
Saturday
Approximately 6 hours per day
|
|
Curriculum is not too much
Emphasized the responsibility
to its students self
Concerned with specialized
expertise and depth of skills ( press schematic
pattern)
|
A lot of curriculum
Emphasize the moral learning and
citizenship
Concerned
on aspects of cognition (breadth schematic
pattern)
|
|
Evaluation from A-Levels
|
Evaluation from National Exam
|
|
Christian Education
|
Islamic Education
|
