COMPARE THE EDUCATION SYSTEM BETWEEN INDONESIA AND UK

UK

Education in UK is overseen by the United Kingdom's Department for Education and Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. Local government authorities are responsible for implementing policy for public education and state-funded schools at a local level. The education system in the UK is divided into four main parts, primary education, secondary education, further education and higher education.

Compulsory Education

a.    Elementary School

Elementary education was starting when the children was at the age of 5-11 years. There is no test except when they were at 7 years old, children (pupils) are required to take the exam skills. The emphasis is on learning by discovery rather than memorization.

b.   High School

High school was starting when the student were at the age of 11-16 years. Here began deepening lessons. In the 4th year, students take General Certificate of Secondary Education (GSCE) exams. After the examination, students can work, attend training programs at vocational or technical school, or continue another 2 years to prepare for starting in the university, known as the A-Levels.

Education Options

a.    A levels

A Level is a continuation of high school if they want to get into university, which thought for 2 years.

b.   Degree

Degree is a qualification from a university. (Other qualifications obtained after secondary education are usually called ‘certificate’ or ‘diploma’).

c.    Bachelor’s Degree

Bachelor’s Degree is general name for a first degree, most commonly a BA (Bachelor of Arts) or BSc (Bachelor of Science). Student studying for a first degree are called undergraduates. When they have been awarded a degree, they are known as graduates.

d.   Master’s Degree

Master’s Degree is the general name for a second (postgraduate) degree, most commonly MA or MSc.

e.    Doctorate

Doctorate is the highest academic qualification. This usually (but not everywhere) carries the title PhD (Doctor of Philosophy). The time taken to complete a doctorate varies, but it is generally expected to involve three years of more-or-less full-time study.

Basically, the schools in UK emphasized the responsibility to its students self. Its gives the freedom to the students to organize themselves collectively schools from elementary to high levels. With this method the student is expected to become an independent person when they grow up.

Educational approach that applied is the discovery. The implication of this approach is that students are educated to be able to do research in order to develop the knowledge gained. By doing research, students will discover new things that could enrich his knowledge.

The style of education system in the UK is deepening on particular aspects or may be more concerned in specialized expertise and skills in various fields of life according to their talents and abilities of students. With this system the right way to deepen knowledge is through the discover study system. Deepening the expertise and skill is usually done at the secondary level.

The development of practical technology at the secondary level and academic technology at colleges and universities were begun to focus on the primary and secondary school levels. That system will facilitate and help the students to choose to get into the world of work or to go on to higher education. It’s have the similarity with the development of the fields of social sciences and humanities disciplines and the arts (arts and culture) or language. Thus, the pattern of development of education in the education system in UK that used is the press schematic pattern.

Religious education is also applied in the UK. The religious education there is a Christian education.

INDONESIA

Education in Indonesia is under the responsibility of the Ministry of Education and Culture (Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan or Kemdikbud) and the Ministry of Religious Affairs (Kementrian Agama or Kemenag). In Indonesia, all citizens must undertake nine years of compulsory education which consist of six years at elementary level and three in secondary level. The constitution also notes that there are two types of education in Indonesia : formal and non-formal. Formal education is further divided into three levels : primary, secondary and tertiary education. These schools are run either by the government (negeri) or private sectors (swasta).

Pre-school Education

Pre-school education which is known also as kindergarten had a one or two year duration. While this level of education is not compulsory for Indonesian citizens, it is aimed to prepare them for primary schooling.

Public Primary and Secondary Education

Indonesians are required to attend twelve years of school. They must go to school six (or five, depending on the institution) days a week from 7:00 a.m. until afternoon (usually 2 or 3 p.m.). Children aged 6-12 attend primary school, called Sekolah Dasar (SD). Students spend six years in primary school. After that, they spend three years in junior secondary school (Sekolah Menengah Pertama, or SMP). After completion of them, they may be attend three years of senior secondary school (Sekolah Menengah Atas or SMA). Besides senior secondary school (Sekolah Menengah Atas or SMA), students can choose among 47 programmes of vocational and pre-professional senior secondary schools (Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan or SMK), divided in the following fields: technology and engineering, health, arts, craft and tourism, information and communication technologies, agro-business and agro-technology, business management. Each requires three years of study. Students with disabilities/special needs may alternately opt to be enrolled in a separate school from the mainstream called Sekolah Luar Biasa (lit. Extraordinary School).

The Higher Education

The higher education institution is categorized into two types: public and private. Both are supervised by the Ministry of National Education. There are four types of higher education institution: universities, institutes, academies, and polytechnics.

The pattern of education system in Indonesia is is breadth schematic. Breadth schematic pattern seen from the large number of subjects that was available. Average the subjects that must to be mastered by the students in one year is about 14-16 subjects, with a lot of material, abstract and less functional.

CONCLUSION

THE DIFFERENCE EDUCATION SYSTEM BETWEEN UK & INDONESIA

UK	INDONESIA
Learning period : Start from September until July	Start from July until June
Learning time : Monday – Friday Approximately 4,5 hours per day	Monday – Saturday Approximately 6 hours per day
Curriculum is not too much Emphasized the responsibility to its students self Concerned with specialized expertise and depth of skills ( press schematic pattern)	A lot of curriculum Emphasize the moral learning and citizenship Concerned on aspects of cognition (breadth schematic pattern)
Evaluation from A-Levels	Evaluation from National Exam
Christian Education	Islamic Education